The arrangement of the old documents of the Kitsuregawa Family was made twice. (鎌倉公方家 : 関東足利氏) Chapter II pays particular attention to the connection between the manuscript "Kitsuregawa-monjo" (「喜連川文書」) which is now in the possession of the National Library and the materials owned by Otomaru Ashikaga (足利於兎丸) (which are the manuscripts concerning the Kitsuregawa Family kept in the Editorial Office of Historical Materials at Tokyo University.) It is proved that the latter was 'Gosho-an' (御書案) which was edited during the period of Yoriuji Kitsuregawa (頼氏) in the early seventeenth century and that the former was the manuscript made referring to the latter in the period of Shigeuji Kitsuregawa (茂氏) in the first half, of the eighteenth century. The purpose of this paper is to study the various historical materials which have been handed down in the Kitsuregawa Family, the last descendant of Kamakura-Kubo Family : Kanto-Ashikaga-shi. Though the Peking government did not possess the ability to deal with diplomatic problems sufficiently, it was able to get a loan on relatively favorable conditions because of the external factor of rivalry amongst the Western powers. For China, the Russo-French loan was the first diplomatic problem that the Peking government which up till that time had had very little to do with direct diplomatic negotiations coped with after the 1894-95 war under a drastically changed internal political structure and international environment without relying on local authorities. On the other hand, bank groups of Great Britain and Germany entered into an agreement for the joint financing of Chinese loans, and this Anglo-German financial entente in China was to continue till the breakout of the First World War.
In that year, France succeeded in obtaining the first railway concession in China with the aid of Russia, while Russia established the Russo-Chinese Bank which was to become an important weapon in her policy to penetrate into Manchuria after obtaining finance from the French bank group that participated in the Russo-French loan. The Russo-French loan to China, which was concluded on July 6,1895, marked the beginning of the rivalry between the Russo-French bloc and the Anglo-German bloc in late Ch'inginternational ralations. Though Great Britain and Germany in response tried to frustrate the Russian scheme by warning the Tsungli-Yamen of the risk involved in accepting a loan guaranteed by Russia, China finally accepted the Russian offer.
The Russian government sought the loan for China from French capital, and in order to make the conditions of the loan's issue beneficial to China the Russian government also gave a guarantee in the contract concluded by China as well as securing the approval of the French government for this scheme. At that time, the goverments and bank groups of both Germany and France had plans of organizing an international consortium and the international supervision of China's Customs, but the Russian government from the beginning had proceeded to negotiate with China independently.
However, after the Three Power Intervention, while high officials of the Peking government bypassed Hart to assume direct responsibility for conducting loan negotiations, Gemany, France and Russia proposed to make a loan to China with the intention of undermining the monopoly of Great Britain in regard to foreign loans to China. Foreign loans to China, which before the Sino-Japanese War had been obtained chiefly from British banks and merchants in China by local authorities, had by the end of the war been reduced to a route that led from Robert Hart, the Inspector General of the Chinese Maritime Customs, to the Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation and thence to the London money market. The purpose of this paper is to trace the process that led to the establishment of the 400 million franc Russo-French loan to China, the first of the three indemnity loans after the Sino-Japanese War, with respect to the new diplomatic offensive of the Western powers and the structural change of Ch'ing foreign policy and to attempt to evaluate its position in the diplomatic history of the late Ch'ing period.
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